[ltr]The Northern Invaders[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]Complete the Following Sentences:[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]1- The Anglo-Saxons ruled England for-------- years, forming the basis of its ---------, -------and ----------.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]2- By the ninth century, the country was divided into --------- kingdoms: -------, -------, --------and ----------.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]3- The term Anglo-Saxon refers to ------------from the ----------- regions of ----------and ----------.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]4-The Roman armies withdrew from Britain early in the ---------- ----------.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]5- After the departure of the Romans, the ---------- and the ------------- from ----------- were settling in the British Isles.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]6-The Anglo-Saxon rule lasted for ---------- years, from------- to ---------, and in that time Britain's political landscape underwent--------- ------------.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]7-The Anglo-Saxon era is also referred as ------- -------- --------.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]8- The Anglo-Saxons were --------- as they worshipped ---------- of ----------.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]9- ------------ was one of the biggest commercial enterprises of Dark Age Life.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]10-The -------- or --------- was the common garment for man, meanwhile the -------- or -------- was for a woman and the usual materials were -------- and ---------.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]11- In war the common weapons were --------- and -----------. Only the nobility used ----------- and -----------.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]12-The favourite pastimes of the Dark Ages were --------- and---------- -------------- such as ---------------. [/ltr] [ltr]-------------, ------------- and ------------------ were also popular.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]13-At feast the most common entertainment were the ------------, and --------- -------------- and-------------.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]14- Industrial pottery production started to make a come back in ---------- ------ period with the growth of -------------- and the -------------- that accompanied them.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]15-The Vikings came mainly from ------------- and ---------------.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]16- ----------- years of Danish raids on the ----------- ----------- of England preceded the arrival of a ---------- ------------- in --------------. [/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]Give reasons for the following sentences:[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]1-The Roman armies withdrew from Britain. (Two reasons)[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]2-One became a slave in the Dark Ages. (Four reasons)[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]3-Slavery was not necessarily a lifetime sentence. (Three reasons)[/ltr] [ltr]4- Horses and oxen were raised in great numbers. (Two reasons)[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]5-Early Saxon pottery saw a return to pre roman technology. (One reason)[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]6-The Anglo-Saxon king Alfred was accorded the title "The Great".[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]7-An important act was to establish the beginnings of an English fleet. (One reason)[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]8-A"Great Army" of Danish fighters came after thirty years of Danish raids. (One reason)[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]Write a brief account on:[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]1- The Anglo-Saxon chronicle.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]2- King Alfred the Great.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]3- The difference between the Roman and the Anglo-Saxon pottery.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]4- The coexistence between the Anglo-Saxons and the Danes on the British Isles.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]Key Answers:[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]Complete the Following Sentences:[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]1- culture/ language/borders.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]2- four/Northumbria/ Mercia/ East Anglia/ Wessex[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]3- settlers from the German regions of Angela And Saxony.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]4- the fifth century.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]5- the Jutes/ the Frisians/ Denmark.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]6- 600 years/ 410/ 1066/ many changes.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]7- The Dark Ages.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]8- pagans/ gods of nature.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]9- Slavery.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]10- robe or tunic/robe or dress/ linen and wool/ brooches.[/ltr] [ltr]11- spears/ shields/swords/hilts.[/ltr] [ltr]12-dice and board games/ chess/ Riddles/ horse racing/ hunting.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]13- the harp/juggling balls and knives.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]14- later Saxon/ the monasteries/ the settlements.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]15-Denmark/ Norway.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]16- Thirty years/ the east coast/ great army/ 865.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]Give Reasons For the Following Sentences:[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]1- The Roman armies withdrew from Britain. (Two Reasons)[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]The Roman armies withdrew from Britain early in the fifth century because they were needed back home to defend the crumbling centre of the Empire. Britain was considered a far outpost of little value.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]2-One became a slave in the Dark Ages.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]One could have the bad luck to be born a slave, of course. Beyond that, war was the most frequent source of slaves. Many conquered Celtic Britons would have become slaves. People could also become slaves if they were unable to pay a fine. In some cases a family would sell a child into slavery in time of famine to ensure the child's survival.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]3-Slavery was not necessarily a lifetime sentence.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]Slavery was not necessarily a lifetime sentence, however. A slave could be ransomed by his or her relatives or granted freedom in an owner's will. If a person became a slave because they were unable to pay a debt, they might be freed when the value of their labour reached the value of the original debt. [/ltr] [ltr]4-Early Saxon pottery saw a return to pre-roman technology.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]Early Saxon pottery sees a return to pre-Roman technology, in that the potters' wheel is largely abandoned in favour of hand building techniques and the kiln seems to give way to open firing. [/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr] People tend to make pots for their own use, the low density of population making large scale manufacture of potter uneconomic. When only a few pots are required every few weeks it is not viable to keep, or learn to use, a wheel.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]5-A"Great Army" of Danish fighters came after thirty years of Danish raids.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr] Thirty years of Danish raids on the east coast of England preceded the arrival, in 865, of a 'Great Army' equipped for conquest rather than quick booty. The Danish invaders now consolidated each year's gains by establishing a secure base from which they could continue a campaign of harassment - which invariably ended with the settled English buying peace from their footloose tormentors. [/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]6- The Anglo-Saxon king Alfred was accorded the title "The Great".[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]There is a valid basis for king Alfred's heroic status. He is the first Anglo-Saxon ruler to be accepted as something akin to a national leader. The English saw him as such in those regions resisting Danish domination. With good cause he was the only king of England to be accorded the title 'the Great'. His authority derived from his successes against the Danes. His kingly virtues can also be seen, with hindsight, in his encouragement of learning. But his central achievement is the quarter-century of struggle which followed his victory over the Danes at Ashdown in 871.[/ltr] [ltr] One of his first acts was to establish the beginnings of an English fleet. The Danes drew much of their strength from their swift Viking long ships. It made sense for the Anglo-Saxon islanders to reply in kind. By 875 Alfred could claim a small naval victory which was nevertheless a significant beginning.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]7-An important act was to establish the beginnings of an English fleet. [/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr] One of his first acts was to establish the beginnings of an English fleet. The Danes drew much of their strength from their swift Viking long ships. It made sense for the Anglo-Saxon islanders to reply in kind. By 875 Alfred could claim a small naval victory which was nevertheless a significant beginning.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]8-Horses and oxen were raised in great numbers.[/ltr] Horses and oxen were raised for heavy farm labour and transportation, though the stirrup had yet to make an appearance from the Far East. [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]Write a brief account on the following:[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]1- The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]Most of the information we have about the Anglo-Saxons comes from the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, a year-by-year account of all the major events of the time. It is worth noticing that this account was ordered by king Alfred The Great. Among other things it describes the rise and fall of the bishops and kings and the important battles of the period. It begins with the story of Hengist and Horsa in AD 449. [/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] King Alfred The Great 2- [ltr] In popular tradition the story of England, as opposed to Britain, begins with Alfred. And there is a valid basis for this heroic status. He is the first Anglo-Saxon ruler to be accepted as something akin to a national leader. The English saw him as such in those regions resisting Danish domination. With good cause he was the only king of England to be accorded the title 'the Great'. [/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr] His authority derived from his successes against the Danes. His kingly virtues can also be seen, with hindsight, in his encouragement of learning. But his central achievement is the quarter-century of struggle which followed his victory over the Danes at Ashdown in 871.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr] In that same year, 871, Alfred's elder brother died and he became the king of Wessex. One of his first acts was to establish the beginnings of an English fleet. The Danes drew much of their strength from their swift Viking long ships. It made sense for the Anglo-Saxon islanders to reply in kind. By 875 Alfred could claim a small naval victory which was nevertheless a significant beginning. Going to sea with his new fleet, he held his own against seven Danish ships and even captured one of them. [/ltr] [ltr] On land he had similar successes, defeating Danish armies and forced them to agree to leave Wessex in peace. But the Danes regularly broke their word.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr] In 878 a surprise Danish attack pushed Alfred west into the Somerset marshes. From a single fort at Athelney he organized local resistance. This was the lowest ebb of the English cause, the nearest that the Danes came to conquering Wessex and establishing their rule over the whole of England. [/ltr] [ltr] Within a few months Alfred was strong enough to move east again and defeat the Danes at Edington in Wiltshire. The conclusion of this campaign was a two-week siege of Guthrum, the Danish king of East Anglia, who was encircled in his encampment. Guthrum secured his freedom by promising (once again) to leave Wessex. More significantly, he also agreed to be baptized a Christian.[/ltr] [ltr] The ceremony of baptism took place on the river Parrett, with Alfred in the role of sponsor of the new convert. Then the two Christian kings went together to Wedmore (the year is still 878), where they spent twelve days in ceremony and feasting and in the agreement of a treaty which finally preserved Wessex from Danish intrusion. [/ltr] [ltr] A Danish invasion of Kent in 885 gave Alfred the pretext for expansion eastwards. He drove back the invaders, and in 886 occupied London. This success led to a new treaty with Guthrum. He and Alfred agreed a basis for coexistence between Anglo-Saxons in the south and west and Danes in the north and east of the country - the region which became known as Danelaw.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]3- The difference between the Roman and the Anglo-Saxon pottery.[/ltr] [ltr]Early Saxon pottery sees a return to pre-Roman technology, in that the potters' wheel is largely abandoned in favour of hand building techniques and the kiln seems to give way to open firing. [/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr] People tend to make pots for their own use, the low density of population making large scale manufacture of potter uneconomic. When only a few pots are required every few weeks it is not viable to keep, or learn to use, a wheel. It is only in the later Saxon period with the growth of the monasteries, with the settlements that accompany them that industrial pottery production starts to make a come-back.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]4- The coexistence between the Anglo-Saxons and the Danes on the British Isles. [/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr]Thirty years of Danish raids on the east coast of England preceded the arrival, in 865, of a 'Great Army' equipped for conquest rather than quick booty. The Danish invaders now consolidated each year's gains by establishing a secure base from which they could continue a campaign of harassment - which invariably ended with the settled English buying peace from their footloose tormentors. By now the kings of Northumbria, Mercia and East Anglia made terms with the invaders. Next in line was Wessex.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr] In 870 the Danes advanced into Wessex. Wessex, like the other English kingdoms, made peace with the Danes - who withdrew to winter in London. The Wessex men were commanded that day by a 23-year-old prince of their ruling family - Alfred, brother of the king of Wessex.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr] Going to sea with his new fleet, he held his own against seven Danish ships and even captured one of them. [/ltr] [ltr] On land he had similar successes, defeating Danish armies and forced them to agree to leave Wessex in peace. But the Danes regularly broke their word.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr] In 878 a surprise Danish attack pushed Alfred west into the Somerset marshes. From a single fort at Athelney he organized local resistance. This was the lowest ebb of the English cause, the nearest that the Danes came to conquering Wessex and establishing their rule over the whole of England. [/ltr] [ltr] Within a few months Alfred was strong enough to move east again and defeat the Danes at Edington in Wiltshire. The conclusion of this campaign was a two-week siege of Guthrum, the Danish king of East Anglia, who was encircled in his encampment. Guthrum secured his freedom by promising (once again) to leave Wessex. More significantly, he also agreed to be baptized a Christian.[/ltr] [ltr] The ceremony of baptism took place on the river Parrett, with Alfred in the role of sponsor of the new convert. Then the two Christian kings went together to Wedmore (the year is still 878), where they spent twelve days in ceremony and feasting and in the agreement of a treaty which finally preserved Wessex from Danish intrusion. [/ltr] [ltr] A Danish invasion of Kent in 885 gave Alfred the pretext for expansion eastwards. He drove back the invaders, and in 886 occupied London. This success led to a new treaty with Guthrum. He and Alfred agreed a basis for coexistence between Anglo-Saxons in the south and west and Danes in the north and east of the country - the region which became known as Danelaw.[/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr] [ltr] [/ltr]
انا مش فاهمه اى حاجه ايه اللى اتاخد
ارجو ان يساعدكم هذا الموضوع اولا ً :. 1- حدد النقاط المطلوب الكلام فيها من رأس الموضوع ورقمها حتى لا تنسى أي منها. 2- فكر في الموضوع الذي تنوي الكتابه فيه وكلما خطرت لك فكره او تذكرت شيئا ما اكتبه على الفور في المسودة . 3- اصعب ما في الامر هو كيف تحفز ذاكرتك لتحصل منها على الافكار التي سوف تكتبهاإسأل نفسك اسئلة تبدا بجميع ادوات الاستفهام التي تعرفها: What ,Why ,Where ,When ,Who ,Which, How ,How many ,How ,frequently ,etc 4- نسق الافكار التي كتبتها في المسودة ايها هي الاولى اهمية وسوف تكتبها اولا وايها سوف تختم به التعبير .. 5- لا تكتب الموضوع باللغه العربيه ثم تحاول ترجمته للانجليزيه عند الترجمه سوف تكون الجمل ركيكه وتركيبها غريب على الانجليزيه حاول ان تفكر باللغه التي سوف تكتب بها الموضوع واكتب الافكار التي ترد على خاطرك باللغه الانجليزيه . ثانيا ً : عند البدء في كتابة الموضوع ... اولا: قسم الموضوع إلى هذه العناصر : 1/ المقدمة(-البداية)Topic Sentence 2/ الموضوع( جسم الموضوع)Supporting Sentences 3/ النهاية(الخاتمة)Concluding Sentence ثانيا : ...هناك بعض الاشياء التي يجب الانتباه لها : 1/ اترك مسافة خمسة كلمات عند اول سطر من التعبير .. 2/ ان تبدا بحرفCapital كبير وواضح. 3/ ان تضع (.) واضحة مع نهاية كل جمله . 4/ ابدا الموضوع بجمله رئيسية تحتوي مجملها علي فكرة الموضوع ككل. 5/ ان تراعي التنسيق والترابط العام للموضوع. 6/ تجنب استخدام الجمل المعقدة والالفاظ المركبة التي توقعك في اخطاء انت في غنى عنها ولكن استخدم الجمل والكلمات ذات المعاني السهله والبسيطة. 7/ خصص صفحة كامله للموضوع ويفضل ان تترك سطر فارغ تحت سطر قد كتبت عليه . 8/ اجتهد في تحسين خطك لان هذا يعطي انطباعا جيدا للمصحح ويسهل علية فهم ما تريد تعبير عنه . 9/ حاول ان تكون الجمل فالمضمون وتجنب الجمل الطويله حتي لا تقع في اخطاء القواعد .. 10/ تجنب تجنب ان تتكلم بصيغة الملكية (مثل :my favourit ) لأنه غالبا ما يكون الموضوع من النوع العام .. 11/ لا تستخدم الاختصارات مثل don't بل اكتبها do not لان اغلب الاخطاء تقع في الاختصارات ... 12/ استخدم زمن واحد فقط في التعبير ... اذا تكلمت عن الزمن الماضي فأكمل التعبير به وكذلك اذا استخدمت الزمن الحاضر . ثالثا: استخدم بعض الكلمات التي تنفع مقدمة للأشياء المفيدة (كالتعليم مثلاً) نتفق جميعا ان ...... شي مهم في حياتنا. We All agree that... is important things in our life كلنا نقر باهمية .......... في حياتنا. We all admit the importance of .... in our life. من وجهة نظري اعتقد ان .. In my point of view, I think that...... ما لا شك في ذلك ...هي واحدة من اكثر الظواهر الخطرة في حياتنا. There is no doubt that ..... is one of the most dangerous phenomena in our life. هناك اسباب مختلفة لمشكله .. There are various causes for the problem of ...... . رابعا ً : بعض الروابط اللي ممكن ان تستخدمها مع بداية كل جمله او فكرة جديدة : اولا ًFirst ثانيا ًSecond قبل ذلك Before that بعد ذلك After that لاحقا ًLater اخيرا Finally من ناحية On one hand من ناحية اخري On the other hand بالاضافة الي ذلك Addition to that علاوة علي ذلك Moreover قبل كل شيء Above all في نفس الوقت At the same time على ايه حال However السلام عليكم ورحمة الله
ارجو من اى زميل حضر الجمعة اللى فاتت يقولنا بس الدكتورة قالت ايه عن الامتحان