شرح للvowels ترم سابع لغوياتمقارنة

[somya 0]

In English there are twenty vowel sounds, some of them short, some long; some simple, and some diphthongs (which will be studied later in UNIT 13 below).
/İ:/ tree /Ɔ:/ pour /ɑ:/ art, far /u:/ too, moon /3:/ church, err
/i/ city /o/ pot /و/ add /u/ put /ʌ/ up, bud
/e/ egg /ə/ ago, sister
In contrast to consonants, produced by blocking the air passage then releasing it suddenly, or narrowing the air passage, vowel sounds like /İ:/, /u/, /ə/, /و/ and /3:/ are made by passing voiced air through an open air
46

passage. The air moving through this passage is shaped by passing through different mouth shapes caused by different tongue positions and lip shapes. There are four different factors that control the different vowel sounds in English.

1.VOWEL LENGTH: A vowel may be long like /İ:/ as in "tree", /ɔ:/ as in "pour", /ɑ:/ as in "art" and "far", /u:/ as in "too" or "moon", or /3:/ as in "church" and "err"; or short as in /ɪ/ as in "city", /e/ as in "egg", /و/ as in "add", /o/ as in "pot", /u/ as in "put", /ʌ/ as in "up", and "bud", and /ə/ as in "ago" and "sister"
.
2. THE HIGHEST POINT OF THE TONGUE: This may be in the front (when producing /İ:/, /ɪ/, /e/, and /و/), the centre (as in /ʌ/, /3:/, and /ə/), or the back (as in /u:/, /u/, /ɔ:/, /o/, and /ɑ:/).
3. THE DEGREE OF CLOSENESS OF THE MOUTH: This can be close (/İ:/, /u:/), half close (/ɪ/, /u/), half open (/Ɔ:/, /و/, /ʌ/), or open (/ɑ:/, /o/), or somewhere between half-close and half-open (/e/, /3:/, /ə/).
47
4. THE SHAPE OF THE LIPS: The lips may be spread (/İ:/, /ɪ/, /e/), neutral (/ə/, /ʌ/, /3:/, /و/), rounded open (/o/, /Ɔ:/, /ɑ:/), or closely rounded (/u/, /u:/).

SUMMARY
1. There are twenty vowel sounds in English.
2. There are four factors that determine their pronunciation in English:
a) Vowel length: (long or short)
b) The highest point of the tongue: (in the front, centre or back)
c) The degree of closure of the mouth: (close, half close, half open, open)
d) The shape of the lips: (spread, neutral, rounded open, closely rounded)
48
49

EXERCISES
1. Listen to the following sentences and decide which one do you hear.
a) They BIT / BET me.
b) Ali BIT / BEAT me.
c) When did he LIVE / LEAVE?

2. Listen to the following words and decide whether the vowel sound in each pair is the same or different.
3. Listen again and repeat exactly what you hear.
4. Listen once more and write the words you hear in full, then transcribe them.
5. Read the following transcriptions. What English words are represented by the transcriptions? Read them and then write them as you would in normal English spelling.
/sɪt/ /red/ /klوp/ /nok/ /fut/ /ʃʌt/ /əgəu/
/ʃu:t/ /ʃƆ:t/ /pɑ:t/ /k3:l/ /mİ:t/ /tʌŊ/ /weًə/

[somya 0]

Read them and then write them as you would in normal English spelling.
/sɪt/ sit /red/ red or read /klوp/ clap /nok/knock /fut/foot /ʃʌt/shut /əgəu/
ago/ʃu:t/ shoot /ʃƆ:t/short /pɑ:t/part /k3:l/curl /mİ:t/meet or meat /tʌŊ/tongue /weًə weather

[ATOMIX 0]

[somya 0]

العفو

[وسام أبو الغيط 0]

موضوع رائع و معلومات قيمة جزاك الله كل خير