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يا جماعه حد يفدنى ضرورى عندى امتحان قراءه وفهم يوم الخميس الجاى ومش عارفه اهم القطع اللى الدكتوره قالت عليها انا ذاكرت محاضرات دكتور هانى بشير بس اتغير فيا ترى دكتوره شاهيناز قالت نركز عاى ايه من فضلكم ردو عليا[size=9][/size]

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ده المنهج كله اتغير يابنتي وهي دي القطع المقررة عليكم دولا 3 قطع وفي حلقة دراسية تيرم اول لكل المواد المهمة واللي انتي عايزاه كله هتلاقيه فيها
قطعة العبد والاسد

When Rome ruled the world, slaves who ran away were thrown to
the lions to make a show for people. Once, a slave called Androcles had
a cruel master. So, he ran away from him and hid in a cave in the
forest. One day, while he was asleep, he was awakened by the cry of a
wild animal. He opened his eyes to
find
a lion roaring with pain and coming towards him. It seemed as if the
lion needed help, as one of its legs was hurt. At first, Androcles
trembled with fear. However, he soon overcame his fear and approached
the lion. He took hold of its paw and pulled out a thin bit of wood that
was sticking in it. Androcles watched carefully to see what the lion
would do when it was free from pain. He feared that the lion would leap
upon the man who had given it help. Instead, it began to show every sign
of gratitude to Androcles by playing around him, rubbing against his
hands, and even bringing food into the cave, which the two divided.

Androcles and the lion lived together in this friendly way
for months, until Androcles was caught and sent to Rome to be thrown to
wild animals in a great show. On the great show-day, Androcles was led
to face a lion which ran fiercely at him. Hardly had the lion recognized
Androcles when it stopped and began to lick his hands. The people,
being greatly surprised, began to shout. When the chief Roman questioned
Androcles, he told him the story. The people demanded the freedom of
Androcles, besides giving him the lion to keep as his own.

1- How were the run-away slaves punished in Rome?
The run-away slaves in Rome were thrown to the lions to make a show for people.
OR
The run-away slaves were punished in Rome by being thrown to the lions to make a show for people.
2- What did Androcles do to help the lion?
He took hold of its paw and pulled out a thin bit of wood that was sticking in it.
3- What does Androcles's action show about his character?
It shows that he was kind-hearted and helpful because he tried to help the lion and free it from pain. It also shows that
he was brave as he overcame his fear and approached the lion.
4- Why was the crowd watching the show surprised?
The crowd watching the show was surprised because the lion
did not attack Androcles as they expected, but it stopped and began to
lick his hands.

5- Provide a suitable title for this story.
A suitable title for this story could be:
Androcles and the lion.
OR
A brave slave.
OR
Kindness rewarded.
OR
Gratitude.


……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
قطعة الفالنتين
Like many other holidays, Valentine’s Day is thought to be of
American origin; but—like many other holidays—it is not. In ancient
Rome, people celebrated a similar holiday in the middle of February. It
was Lupercalia, the festival of fertility.

This date, in fact, is the only connection between the
festival and the martyr St. Valentine, a Roman priest from the 3rd
century. Valentine lived during the reign of Emperor Claudius II, who
did not allow his soldiers to get married. Claudius believed that
married soldiers would not make a good army. So, when he found out that
Valentine married young couples secretly, he had the priest arrested and
sentenced to death.

Valentine’s Day has become the festival of love—lovers
surprise each other with little presents, flowers or a romantic dinner
by candlelight. Sending special greeting cards on that day is also very
popular. Valentines, as these cards are called, are sent to loved ones
or even to secret lovers in order to win their hearts. If the sender
doesn’t want to be recognised, the card is signed «Your Valentine».

1- What is the origin of Valentine’s Day?
The origin of Valentine’s Day is Lupercalia, the Roman festival of fertility celebrated in the middle of February.
2- When is Valentine’s Day celebrated?
It is celebrated in the middle of February.
3- Why did Emperor Claudius II refuse to let his soldiers marry?
Emperor Claudius II refused to let his soldiers marry because he believed that married soldiers would not make a good army.
4- How did Emperor Claudius II punish St. Valentine? Why?
He had St. Valentine arrested and sentenced to death because he found out that St. Valentine married young couples secretly.
5- Provide a suitable title for the passage.
A suitable title for this story could be:
Valentine's Day.
OR
The festival of love.
OR
The origin of Valentine's Day.
………………………………………………………………………………….
sleep
Sleep is a natural body function during which we are relatively
unconscious and the muscles that we normally control are relaxed. The
result of sleep is refreshment of the nervous system (including the
brain) and of the muscles. As we grow up, our bodies normally require
less sleep. Infants require from 12 to 14 hours, while adults may
require from 6 to 8 hours.
When we have persistent difficulty in falling asleep, clock
watching should be avoided. Sometimes, very slow and deep breathing can
encourage sleep. It can be helpful to get out of bed and do a quiet
activity that is relaxing. This might be reading or writing, for
example. Remaining in bed while you cannot sleep is usually not helpful.

We can also promote better sleep on our own by changing our
diets and by altering our lifestyles. People with difficult sleeping,
"insomnia", should avoid caffeine. Caffeine is in coffee, and it is also
a component of tea and cola drinks. Alcohol should also be avoided
because it can disturb the last phases of sleep.

A light snack before bedtime sometimes can promote sleep. The
reverse is also true: hunger has the effect of making sleep difficult.
When we are having trouble sleeping at night, we should not take naps
during the day. On the contrary, it can be beneficial to exercise
regularly.

1- Define sleep.
Sleep is a natural body function. When we sleep, our muscles
are relaxed and our bodies are relatively unconscious. Sleep makes us
feel refreshed; this means that the nervous system (including the brain)
and the muscles are refreshed.

2- What is the physical effect (i.e. the effect on the body) of sleep on man?
The physical effect of sleep on man is that one feels
refreshed; this means that the nervous system (including the
brain) and the muscles are refreshed and relaxed.
3- How many hours of sleep do infants need? How many hours of sleep do adults need?
Infants need from 12 to 14 hours of sleep, while adults need 6 to 8 hours of sleep each day.
4- According to the passage, what should people do in order to sleep well? (Mention 2 points only)
In order to sleep well, people should exercise regularly, and
practise relaxing activities like reading and writing. Moreover, they
should change their life styles to include better food diets, and avoid
drinking caffeine drinks such as coffee and tea because these drinks
affect sleep. People should also avoid alcohol because it disturbs sleep
phases. Sometimes, taking a light snack before sleep helps one to sleep
better. In addition, people should not take naps during the day because
it stops people from sleeping well at night.

5- What is the medical term for "difficult sleeping?"
The medical term for "difficult sleeping is "insomnia

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