امتحان مادة القراءة والفهم 1 كود 112 دور يوليو 2009

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read the following passage and answer the question below :

Human beings expend great amounts of time and resources on creating and experiencing art and entertainment — music, dancing, and static visual arts. Of all of the arts, however, it is the category of fictional story-telling that across the globe today is the most intense focus of human addiction. A recent government study in Britain showed that if you add together annual attendances in plays and cinema with hours watching television drama, the average Briton spends roughly ٦٪ of all waking life watching dramatic performances. And that figure does not even include books and magazines: further vast numbers of hours spent reading short stories, as well as so-called serious fictions, old and new.

The origins of this obsession with comic and dramatic fictions are lost in remote prehistory, as lost as the origins of language itself. But like language, we know the obsession with fiction is universal: stories told, read, and dramatically or poetically performed are independently invented in all known cultures, literate or not, having advanced technologies or not. Wherever printing arrives, it is used to reproduce fictions. Whenever television appears in the world, soap operas soon show up on the schedule. Both the forms that fiction takes and the ideas, types of characters, and kinds of conflict that make up its content can be shown to be strikingly similar across cultures. It has specialist practitioners — novelists, playwrights, actors — and is governed both informally with stylistic conventions and sometimes formally — for example, by censorship laws. A love of fiction is as universal as governance, marriage and jokes.

The universal fascination with fictions is a curious thing. If human beings were attracted only to true narratives, factual reports that describe the real world, the attraction could be attributed to utility. Was that the case, there would be no “problem of fiction,” because there would be no fiction: the only alternatives to desirable truth would be unintentional mistakes or intentional lies. Now as it happens, this speculation does not accord with facts: the human reaction to fictions, at least when they are properly understood to be fictions, is not aversion, but runs anywhere from boredom to amusement to intense pleasure.
From “The Pleasures of Fiction”
Philosophy and Literature
٢٨ (٢٠٠٤): ٤٥٣-٦٦.
By Denis Dutton



1-what is the main idea in the first paragraph?
2- What does love of fiction mean to the author?
3-What would life be like without fiction?
4- How does fiction affect human life?
5- Mention 3 kinds of art .
6- in what way is the obsession with fiction universal?
7- What is fiction governed by?


انتهي بحمد لله

[sara111 0]

ربنا يخليك ياأحمد ويوفقك ويناولك كل اللى فى بالك

[a.h.issmail 0]

ربنا يخليكي ياسارة وبالتوفيق في امتحانك يارب وييجي سهل كدة بردوا

[dalia 0]

بالنجاح الباهر إن شاء الله وعقبال بقية الامتحانات يا رب ما تعدي على خير إن شاء الله ونبارك لبعض كده على أعلى التقديرات

[Rehab SISAQ 0]

الحمد لله عدى الامتحان على خير عقبال الباقي